猪引种介绍大全

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姜曲海猪

姜曲海猪(包括大伦庄猪,曲塘猪,海安团猪)

Jiangquhai

产地(或分布):江苏省海安、泰县一带。

数量:1980年统计有繁殖母猪9.5万头。

主要特性:体短腿矮,腹大下垂,头短,耳中等大,下垂,皮薄毛稀,部分猪在鼻吻处有白斑,称"花鼻子",被毛黑色。成年体重:公猪156千克,母猪141千克。产仔数:初产10头,二胎12.l头,三胎以上13.5头。肥育期在较好的饲养水平下日增重464克,低水平日增重385克,屠宰率66.2%,瘦肉率40%,膘厚3.82厘米,眼肌面积22.3平方厘米。



Distribution:Hai'an and Tai county of Jiangsu province.

Population size:Approximately 95.000 sows in 1980.

Major characteristics:The head is short,with medium-sized and drooping ears,thin skin and sparse hair.The body and the legs are short.The belly large and drooping.The mouth of some individuals is white spotted,called “spotted nose".The coat color of the breed is black.Average weight of male adults is 156.4kg and females 141.4kg.The litter size is 10piglets in the first litter,12.1piglets in the second parity,and 13.5piglets in third and up-third parity.The daily gain in the fattening period is about 464g under better-feed condition.The average dressing percentage is 66.4%.The lean meat percentage is 40%.The eye muscle area is 22.3cm2.

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沂蒙黑猪

沂蒙黑猪

Yimeng Black

沂蒙黑猪(沂南二茬猪、吕南猪)

产地(或分布):山东省临沂市北部、沂南、沂水、吕县三县交界地区。

数量:1978年统计有繁殖母猪6万余头。

主要特性:体型中等,胸宽而深,背腰平直且宽,四肢结实,头大小适中,额宽,有金钱形皱纹,耳中等大,耳根硬,耳尖向前倾罩,嘴筒短而微獗,皮灰色,被毛黑色,分为大、中、小三型。成年体重:公猪199千克,母猪154千克。产仔数:初产8-9头,经产10-11头。肥育期日增重419-680克,屠宰率76.3%,瘦肉率43.9%,瞟厚4.6厘米,眼肌面积24.19平方厘米。



Distribution:The common boundary area of the Yinan,Yishui and Lvnan County.South of Linyi area for Shandong province.

Population size:Approximately 60,000 fertilized sows in 1978.

Major characteristles:The breed is medium-framed:moderate-sized head,medium-sized,strong-root and inclined forward ears,short and slightly upper erect snout.There is "jinqian"winkles in its wide forehead.Note deep full chest,flat and wide back,sound legs.The coat color of the breed is black,covering ashen skin.It is classified large,intennediate and small types.Average weight of adult male is 199kg and female is 154.3kg.The litter size is 8.8 piglets in the fkst litter,and 10.8 piglets in afterward litter.The daily gain in the fattening period is 419-480g;the average dressing percentage is 76.3%.The backfat thickness is 4.6cm.the lean meat percentage is 43.9%.

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大围子猪

大围子猪

Daweizi

产地(或分布):湖南省长沙市郊县。

数量:1980年调查繁殖母猪1.3万头。

主要特性:体型中等,胸宽而深,背腰宽而微凹,腹大略下垂,体态前高后低,头较清秀,耳中等大、下垂呈八字形,群众称为"蝴蝶耳",头分长头和短头两型,长头型俗称"阉鸡头",额较窄,皱纹较浅,嘴筒圆而较细;短头型俗称"寿字头",额较宽,皱纹较深,嘴筒粗而稍扁,脸稍凹,被毛黑色,仅四肢下端为白色,称"四脚踏雪"。成年体重:公猪107千克,母猪81千克。产仔数:初产8.7头,三胎以上12.3头。肥育性能较好,农村饲养日增重384克,屠宰率67%,臀腿比例26.5%,瘦肉率40.7%,瞟厚4.2厘米,眼肌面积22.2平方厘米。



Distribution:Suburbs of Changsha city and Nantuo area of Changsha County in Hainan province.

Population size:Approximately 13,OOO fertilized sows in 1980.

Major characteristics:The breed has moderate body conformation,with neat and trim head,medium-sized and drooping ears,which seem to be "八",so native people call it“butterfly ear".According to the size of the head,the breed is classified into long head type and short head type.The former is locally named “yanji head",with narrow forehead,superficial wrinkles,round and trim snout.While the latter is named "shouzi head",with wide forehead,deep wrinkles,rough and trim snout,lightly concaved face.Note the wide and deep chest,wide and lackarched back,and large and lightly drooping belly.The fore quarters are higher than the hindquarters.The coat color is black,with white hooves.Average weight of male adults is 106.9kg and females 80.9kg.The litter size is 8.7piglets in the first litter,and more than 12.3piglets in third and up-third parity.The milk yield is 31.4kg.The daily gain in the fattening period is 384g in the county.The average dressing percentage is 67%.The back fat thickness is 4.2 mother eye muscle area is 22.2cm2.The ham ratio is 26.5%.The lean meat percentage is 40.7%.

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五指山猪(又称老鼠猪)

五指山猪(又称老鼠猪)

Wuzhishan

产地(或分布):海南省五指山区。

数量:1983年调查有繁殖母猪600余头。

主要特性:体型小,胸部较窄,背腰平直,腹部不下垂,臀部不发达,四肢细而长,体质细致紧凑。头小而长,耳小直立,嘴尖,嘴筒微弯被毛大部为黑色,腹部与四股内侧为白色,崇毛呈黑色或棕色。成年母猪体重30-35千克。性成熟早,小母猪断乳后一个月有发情征状,3-4月龄初配。产仔数:初产4头,经产6-8头。小公猪1-1.5月龄有性行为,当地群众不留公猪,即小公猪性成熟配种后就宰杀。



Distribution:Wuzhishan mountain region of Hainan province.

Popu|ation size:Approximately 600 boars in 1983.

Major characteristics:The breed has small body conformation,with fine and tight constitution,with small and long head,small and erect ears,smooth and lighdy bended snout,narrow chest,flat and straight back,undraping belly,steep rump,and trim long legs.The coat color of the breed is mostly black,and the belly and the inside of the legs are white,the mane is black or brown.Average weight of female adult is 30-35kg.When about 30 days after weaning,the piglet shows estrus sigh.It can be bred at the age of 3-4 months.The litter size is 4 piglets in the first litter,and 6-8piglets in afterward litter.The male piglet has sexual behavior at the age of 1-1.5 months,so it is slaughtered after mated.

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皖浙花猪

体型中等偏大。头大，额有皱纹，耳中等大小、下垂。背腰较平直，腹较大而不垂。毛色都是黑白花，在吻突、四肢下端、前胸和下腹部为白色，头、臀两端为黑色，额部有形状和大小不同的“白毛星”，二种毛色交界处有宽窄不等的黑皮白毛的“晕带”，腰背部毛色不一，有全黑、全白或各种形状的黑斑。乳头数多为7~8对。据测定，6月龄公猪平均体重28.2公斤，体长79.9厘米，母猪相应为29.9公斤，85.3厘米。皖浙花猪性成熟较早。小母猪4~5月龄开始配种。

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大花白猪

大花白猪(包括大花乌猪广东大花白猪金利猪梅花猪粱村猪,四保猪、泥阪猪)

Large Black-White

产地(或分布):产于广东省珠江三角洲一带。

数量:1979年统计繁殖母猪44万头。

主要特性:体型中等,背腰较宽,微凹,腹较大,耳稍大下垂,额部多有横行皱纹,被毛黑白花,头部和臀部有大块黑斑,腹部、四肢为白色。成年体重:公猪133千克,母猪111千克。产仔数:初产12头,三胎以上14头。肥育期在较好饲养条件下日增重519克,屠宰率70.7%,瘦肉率43.2%,瞟厚4.31厘米.HE肌而来只18平方厘米。

Distribution:North and cental of Guangdong province,disMbuting over 42 counties or cities.

Popu|ation size:Approximately 440,OOO sows in 1979.

Major characteristics:The breed has moderate body comformation,with large and drooping ears;mostly there are transverse wrinkles in the forehead.The back is lightly wide and lack-arched,and the belly lightly large.The coat color of the breed is black and white,with  white belly and legs.Average weight of male adults is 133.3kg and females 110.8kg.The litter size is 11.9 piglets in the first litter,and more than 13.8piglets in third and up-third parity,about 96.2% piglets are able to survive.The daily gain in the fattening period is 519g under better condition.The

average dressing percentage is 70.7%.The eye muscle area is 18.1cm2.The lean meat percentage is 43.2%.A high combining ability is found.

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里岔黑猪

   

1、体质外貌

　　里岔黑猪全身被毛与皮肤为黑色，极个别的有棕毛，体躯长、胸部浅、胸围比体长小15厘米，头中等大小，嘴筒长直，前额有明显的菱形皱纹，耳大前倾，背腰平直，腹大而不下垂。乳头一般为 七对 ，肢蹄结实，后躯稍欠丰满。

　　2、生产性能

　　初产母猪平均产仔8.85头，初生重平均1.28千克，60天断奶体重18.07千克，经产母猪平均产仔12头，初生重平均1.19千克，母猪哺乳性能良好。

　　在一般饲养情况下，育肥猪六个月体重达90千克，平均日增重600克左右，饲料转化率1：3.3～3.5，90千克体重育肥猪屠宰率71%，瘦肉率50%以上，膘厚2.8厘米以下。

　　以里岔黑猪为基础，导入杜洛克猪血统，培育的里岔黑猪新品系具有繁殖率高、抗病力强、肉质好的优良性能，同时生长发育快、瘦肉率高、饲料转化率高。

　　以里岔黑猪新品系猪为母本，与长白、大约克等猪杂交，杂种后代育肥猪日增重800克以上，饲料转化率在1：3以下。

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冀合白猪

　　冀合白猪包括2个专门化母系和1个专门化父系。母系A由大白猪、定县猪、深县猪三个品系杂交而成，母系B由长白猪、汉沽黑猪和太湖猪、二花脸三个品系杂交合成。父系C则是由4个来源的美系汉普夏猪经继代单系选育而成.冀合白猪采取三系配套、两级杂交方式进行商品肉猪生产。选用A系与B系交配产生父母代AB，AB母猪再与C系公猪交配产生商品代 CAB并全部育肥。商品猪全部为白色。其特点是母猪产仔多,商品猪一致性强、瘦肉率高、生长速度快。A、B两个母系产仔数分别为12.12头，13.02头，日增重分别为0.771公斤和0.702公斤，瘦肉率分别为58.26％和60.04％。父系C的日增重0.819公斤，料肉比2.88：1，瘦肉率65.34％。父母代AB与父系C杂交，产仔数达13.52头，商品猪CAB154日龄达90公斤，日增重0.816公斤，瘦肉率60.34％，具有较好的推广前景。

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北京花猪

  　


北京花猪是优良的瘦肉型母系猪种，形成于50年代中后期，1984年由北京国营农场管理局、北京农业大学和北京南郊农场共同协作选育完成北京花猪Ⅰ系，1994年完成北京花猪Ⅱ系。目前在华北地区饲养的北京花猪主要是北京花猪Ⅱ系。

　　一、体型外貌

　　1、北京花猪I系：体型较大，紧凑结实，背腰平直，头大小适中，嘴较短，稍向上撅。两耳稍向前倾，头、颈、躯衔接良好，腰线直而不下垂，后腿，臀较丰满，四肢较高而强健，毛色为黑、白花，花片分明，毛色遗传稳定，没有全黑，全白反祖现象。

　　2、北京花猪Ⅱ系：被毛黑白花，体型大小适中，头较轻，嘴较长，两耳平直，稍向前倾，头颈躯结合良好，体躯紧凑结实，背腰平直，腹不下垂四肢较高而强健，后腿较丰满。

　　二、生产性能

　　1、北京花猪I系，六月龄公猪体重平均达95公斤，母猪体重平均达90公斤。北京花猪I系生长快，饲料利用率高，肉料比1∶3.5。北京花猪种猪性能温顺，性欲旺盛，六月龄体重可以进行配种，母猪初情期为160～185日龄，发情周期为18～21天。

　　2、北京花猪Ⅱ系：平均产仔数11.4头，肉猪170日龄达90公斤，胴体瘦肉率56.2%。与大白猪杂交效果：大花杂优猪作肉猪165日龄体重达90公斤，胴体瘦肉率59%以上；作母猪时，平均产仔数13.0头；以长白猪为第二父本，以大花杂优猪为母本，生产三元杂交肉猪效果最好，160日龄体重达90公斤，胴体瘦肉率达60%以上。

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辽宁黑猪

　　辽宁黑猪是由东北民猪与巴克夏猪杂交后经40余年风土驯化而成的地方品种。该品种具有适应性强、繁殖力高、肉质好等优良特征。辽宁黑猪分为丹东黑猪、复县黑猪、昌图黑猪和南台黑猪4个类群，其中丹东黑猪类群最多，约占整个辽宁黑猪一半以上。  
    　辽宁黑猪四个类群的体型外貌相似，其特点是：体质结实，结构匀称，头大小适中，耳前倾稍下垂，嘴稍长，颜面直或略凹；身腰长，肩中等宽，背腰平直，尻部略倾斜，腹部微垂；四肢高，肢蹄坚实，毛色纯黑，乳头7对以上，排列整齐；成年公猪平均体长163.7厘米，胸围146.4厘米，体重210.8公斤；成年母猪平均体长155.8厘米，胸围146.4厘米，体重203.9公斤。

     　辽宁黑猪最大特点就是繁殖性能好。一般生后4－5个月，体重50－60公斤性成熟，7－8个月开始配种；发情周期平均为19.8天，发情持续期85－98小时，妊娠期115.14天；初产母猪平均产仔数12.8头，初生窝重12公斤，50天断奶窝重126公斤，窝成活10.94头；经产母猪平均产仔数14.98头，初生窝重12.6公斤，50天断奶窝重139公斤，窝成活11.46头。辽宁黑猪存在生长慢（580－680克），瘦肉率低（胴体瘦肉率50％左右）的缺点，但表现出极好的杂种优势。辽宁黑母猪与大约克夏、长白、杜洛克杂交生产的“约黑”、“长黑”、“杜黑”二元杂交母猪，具有母性强、产仔多、生长快、效益好等优良特征。平均产仔数14.5头，50天断奶重168公斤，三元杂交后代日增重798克，料肉比3.1：1，胴体瘦肉率63％以上。