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肉鸽的养殖与疾病防治

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发表于 2008-12-17 16:56:55 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>一、 品种<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">(一)王鸽:美国育成著名肉鸽品种,有白王鸽和银王鸽两种品系。白王鸽在世界上分布较广。王鸽体形大,喙短粗,胸部发达,体躯宽广而充实,尾羽略上翘,无脚毛。成鸽重<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="g" SourceValue="1000" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>1000g</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>左右,一对成年鸽一年产<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>对乳鸽,<SPAN lang=EN-US>23</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>25d</SPAN>乳鸽体重可达<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>~<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="g" SourceValue="700" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>700g</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT color=#000000><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">(二)石歧鸽: 产于我国广东中山石歧县一带,是本地鸽与鸾鸽,王鸽,卡奴鸽品种经杂交选育而成,是我国大型肉鸽之一。公鸽体重可达<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="g" SourceValue="900" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>900g</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,母鸽可达<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="g" SourceValue="750" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>750g</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>。标准体形是体长,翼长,尾长,毛色为灰色,年产蛋<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>对,蛋壳薄,孵化时易被踩碎。石歧鸽耐粗饲,性情温柔,肉嫩,易饲养。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(三)卡驽鸽:产于法国,颈粗胸阔,体形紧凑结实,姿势挺直。年产乳鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>对。羽毛有红、白、黄、黑色。公鸽体重可达<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="g" SourceValue="800" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>800g</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,母鸽可达<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="g" SourceValue="700" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>700g</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,性情温顺,爱集群,易饲养。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(四)鸾鸽:肉鸽中体型最大体重最重的一种,成年公鸽体重可达<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="kg" SourceValue="1.4" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>1.4kg</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,母鸽可达<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="kg" SourceValue="1.25" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>1.25kg</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>。一对鸾鸽年产乳鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>对,<SPAN lang=EN-US>28</SPAN>日龄可达<SPAN lang=EN-US>700</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>900g</SPAN>。其特点是:平头大眼,体大身宽呈方块状,性情温驯,不善飞翔,通常作为杂交育种的亲本。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(五)贺姆鸽:现已遍及亚洲各地,羽毛紧密、躯体结实、无脚毛,羽毛有灰、红、黑等斑点,成鸽体重为<SPAN lang=EN-US>800<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="g" SourceValue="900" HasSpace="False" Negative="True" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on">-900g</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN>,年产乳鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US>7-8</SPAN>只,肉质好、耐粗饲。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><FONT color=#000000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生活习性</SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">:</FONT></SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">鸽由野生长期驯化培育而成的,但野鸽的大部分生活习性被继承下来,了解鸽的生活习性是饲养好鸽的前提:(一)白天活动夜间栖息。鸽白天十分活跃,频繁采食饮水,晚间在栖架上或舍内安静休息,因此可根据特点此安排饲喂时间,经驯化的信鸽可夜间飞行。(二)是晚成鸟类。卵经孵化出壳后,乳鸽不能独立生活,不能站立行走采食,需亲鸽用自己嗉囊中分泌的鸽乳哺育</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个月左右才能独立生活,这时期要加强保育。(三)情感专一,“一夫一妻”制,成年鸽配偶有选择性。在配对后情感专一,共同参与营巢孵化和哺育乳鸽,终身不离。若配对一方死去或飞失,则需要经过一段时间才能寻找新配偶。生产上,人们为获得高产或选育优良品种经常将配对好的鸽拆散重新配对,一般要经过一周隔离可再重新配对。(四)好清洁,喜欢干燥。鸽好清洁喜欢通风干燥的环境。鸽经常洗浴,抖动身躯,除去羽毛皮肤上的污垢达到清洁的目的。若通风不良、潮湿,鸽食欲减退,生产能力下降,甚至大批死亡,因此鸽舍要通风良好清洁干燥。(五)记忆力强,警觉性高。鸽的记忆力很强,对方位巢箱环境条件的识别记忆力极强,甚至经过数年的离别也能辨别方向飞回原地。鸽的警觉性高,若受到天敌的侵扰(如猫,狗,蛇),就会发生惊群,逃出后就不在回巢,因此要把鸽养在安静安全的环境条件下是必要的。</SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoBlockText style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 6pt; TEXT-INDENT: 4.5pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: .5; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: .57gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>三、场地选择<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN>地面平坦、向阳,坡度为<SPAN lang=EN-US>1%</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>3%</SPAN>,砂类土壤,干旱或结冻时期能够满足鸽对水的需要,同时选择水质符合饮用标准的水。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBlockText style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 6pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>四、鸽舍与鸽笼<SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN>(一)单笼鸽舍:般建造长可根据饲养量决定、宽<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>7m</SPAN>周围开放式的鸽舍,舍周围可设置活动档板,鸽笼的规格为长宽各为<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="60" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>60cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、高为<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="50" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>50cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>铁丝笼,鸽笼层叠摆放三层、四列,过道宽度为<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="120" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>120cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,水槽与料槽之间设一档板,水槽安放在料槽下方,防止水、料相互污染。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBlockText style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 6pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(二)双笼式鸽舍:般建造的鸽舍内部空间为宽<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="3" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>3m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、长可根据饲养量决定、高<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>3<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="0.4" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on">.4m</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN>,中间留有<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>宽的工作通道,墙内侧设宽<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="40" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>40cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、深<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>5cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>的<SPAN lang=EN-US>V</SPAN>字型内水沟,墙外侧设宽<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="60" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>60cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、深<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>5cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>的<SPAN lang=EN-US>V</SPAN>字型外水沟,在内水沟上方,放置<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>层产鸽内笼,底层笼底距水沟<SPAN lang=EN-US>35</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>45cm</SPAN>,靠近顶层笼上方对应墙上,开设一空气对流窗,外水沟上方放置产鸽外笼,对应内外笼之间开设一小门共鸽子进出用。一般是每个笼子长宽各<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="50" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>50cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、高<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="45" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>45cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,笼底网眼为<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>×<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="4" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>4cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN>或者<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>×<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="6" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>6cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,窝巢设在笼门一边。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBlockText style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 6pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(三)离地群养鸽舍:般适用与种鸽饲养,多为单列式饲养,每栋鸽舍舍长可根据饲养量决定、宽<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>5m</SPAN>、高<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>3<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="0.5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on">.5m</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN>、周围墙高<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、舍内分为<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>个小单间,每个小单间可养种鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>对左右,舍内北面留有<SPAN lang=EN-US>1.5</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>1<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="0.8" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on">.8m</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN>人行道,舍的南面用铁丝网围住,并距地面<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="50" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>50cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>处用铁丝网平铺起来,网眼为<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>×<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>,使鸽在网上活动不与粪便接触,减少发病率。每个小间南面开设一道门供饲养人员进入,每个小栏北面设<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>层草窝,供配对后的鸽子定巢与产蛋,草窝的规格为宽高各<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="40" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>40cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、长<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="50" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>50cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>即可。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBlockText style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 4.5pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: .43gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(四)地面群养鸽舍:般是建成座北朝南砖木结构单列式鸽舍,每栋长约为<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>18m</SPAN>、宽<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>5m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、高<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="2.5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>2.5m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>隔成约<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m2" SourceValue="10" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>10m2</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>左右几个小间,每个小间可饲养青年鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>对,或产蛋鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>对,北墙距地面<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="40" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>40cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>开设一个通风窗;鸽舍水泥地面并稍向前倾利于清洗与消毒,舍前面设一运动场,其面积应为鸽舍的<SPAN lang=EN-US>1.5</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>倍,四周用砖砌<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>70cm</SPAN>高的围墙,上面用铁丝网围起,舍的北侧用砖垒成<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>鸽巢,规格为高<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="30" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>30cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>、长宽各<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="cm" SourceValue="50" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>50cm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoBlockText style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 6pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT color=#000000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">五、鸽的产蛋与孵化:种鸽配对成功后,通常</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10d</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">左右开始产蛋,每窝产</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">枚。一般产下第一枚后隔</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2d</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产下第二枚便开始孵化。有些初产鸽产下一枚蛋后就开始孵化,以后多次产蛋就无这种现象。自然孵化要给种鸽一个安静安全的环境,适当提高饲料营养水平,粗蛋白质含</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">左右孵化过程中,发现破损蛋要捡出。第五天进行第一次照蛋,凡是蛋内有血红色网状血管的是受精蛋;若透明又无血管是无精蛋,要剔出第十天进二次照蛋凡是蛋内一端无黑,气室增大,说明蛋胚发育正常。若蛋内有水状液体流动且呈灰色则为死胚蛋。将无精蛋,死胚蛋取出后,将每两枚并成一窝,时间要相同或相差一天,使无孵化任务的种鸽,早日产下下一窝种蛋。孵化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17d</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">开始出壳,在蛋壳中部分破壳突起,将蛋放在耳边可听到啄壳声,若雏鸽出壳有困难需要人工轻轻除去钝端蛋壳及壳膜少许;若雏鸽干燥可除去钝端</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1/3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">将头拉出让其慢慢出壳。孵化的过程中应提高种鸽的饲料营养水平,粗蛋白质为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">18%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,代谢能</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="12.1" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">12.1M</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">/kg,</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">并增加多种维生素和微量元素的供给,在孵化期间应避免刺激,保证环境安静和稳定。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 4.5pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: .5; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>六、饲养管理<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 9pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(一)日粮配方:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、哺乳种鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN>孵化<SPAN lang=EN-US>10d</SPAN>后到雏鸽满月出笼,日粮配比。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>)绿豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>豌豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>玉米<SPAN lang=EN-US>25% </SPAN>小米<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>糯米<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>稻谷<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>油菜籽<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>高粱米<SPAN lang=EN-US>8% </SPAN>火麻仁<SPAN lang=EN-US>2% </SPAN>赤豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>(<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>)玉米<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>豌豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>15% </SPAN>绿豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>膏粱<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>稻谷<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>小麦<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>花生<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>,使用时适当洒点盐水。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>)玉米<SPAN lang=EN-US>50% </SPAN>麸皮<SPAN lang=EN-US>7% </SPAN>膏粱<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>豌豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>豆饼<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>石粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>4% </SPAN>磷酸氢钙<SPAN lang=EN-US>3.7% </SPAN>氯化钠<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.3%</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、人工鸽乳:米粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>50% </SPAN>麸皮<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>黄豆粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>豌豆粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>绿豆粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>7% </SPAN>米粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>酵母粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>1% </SPAN>保健沙<SPAN lang=EN-US>2%</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>、童种鸽粮配比<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>1</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>个月龄:米<SPAN lang=EN-US>25% </SPAN>绿豆粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>25% </SPAN>小麦<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>膏粱<SPAN lang=EN-US>15% </SPAN>小米<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>黄豆粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>、青年鸽<SPAN lang=EN-US> 3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>个月;(<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>)玉米<SPAN lang=EN-US>40% </SPAN>小麦<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>膏粱<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>小米<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>绿豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>10%</SPAN>;(<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>)玉米<SPAN lang=EN-US>40% </SPAN>糙米<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>膏粱<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>小麦<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>豌豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>绿豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>10%5</SPAN>、换羽日粮:豌豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>玉米<SPAN lang=EN-US>30% </SPAN>稻谷<SPAN lang=EN-US>25% </SPAN>小麦<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>油菜籽<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>火麻仁<SPAN lang=EN-US>2% </SPAN>绿豆<SPAN lang=EN-US>8%</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 4.5pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: .5; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(二)保健沙配方:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、碎牡蛎壳<SPAN lang=EN-US>15% </SPAN>小沙砾<SPAN lang=EN-US>40% </SPAN>骨粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>石灰石粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>氯化钠<SPAN lang=EN-US>4% </SPAN>红土<SPAN lang=EN-US>1%</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、牡蛎粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>40% </SPAN>粗砂<SPAN lang=EN-US>35% </SPAN>木炭灰<SPAN lang=EN-US>6% </SPAN>骨粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>8% </SPAN>石灰石粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>6% </SPAN>氯化钠<SPAN lang=EN-US>4% </SPAN>红土<SPAN lang=EN-US>1%</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>、黄泥<SPAN lang=EN-US>30% </SPAN>粗砂<SPAN lang=EN-US>20% </SPAN>旧石灰粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>贝壳粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>骨粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>10% </SPAN>木炭末<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>氯化钠<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>禽用多种维生素<SPAN lang=EN-US>5% </SPAN>微量元素添加剂<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>;<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>、深层黄土<SPAN lang=EN-US>35% </SPAN>牡蛎粉<SPAN lang=EN-US>30% </SPAN>粗砂<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>7% </SPAN>氯化钠<SPAN lang=EN-US>5%</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>7% </SPAN>木炭末<SPAN lang=EN-US>12%</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>15% </SPAN>禽用多种维生素<SPAN lang=EN-US>8%-10% </SPAN>微量元素<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.5%<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 17.3pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><FONT color=#000000><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">(三)总的饲养管理和技术要点:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、饲养方式 童鸽(<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>月龄)和青年鸽(<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>月龄)以群养为好,即能满足群栖习惯又能得到运动和阳光浴。种鸽(<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>月龄以上)以笼养为好。优点:(<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>)配种时不受干扰,受精率高。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>)笼内安静,哺育后代成活率高。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>)便于观察,记录,检查。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>)发病率低,便于个体及时治疗。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、饲喂方式:(<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>)定时定量饲喂:优点:</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-no-proof: yes">①</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">便于观察食欲情况。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-no-proof: yes">②</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">能够建立喂食信号,形成条件反射。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-no-proof: yes">③</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有利于建立人鸽亲和关系。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>)饲喂次数:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>月龄每天喂<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>次,种鸽喂<SPAN lang=EN-US>2-3</SPAN>次,哺乳鸽要适当配料,定时定量每天投保健沙一次。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>)供水:水要清洁新鲜,预防鸽的药物可溶于水中饮服。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>)消毒:鸽舍、地面、运动场、产蛋间、水沟、食槽经常消毒,谢绝参观。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>)记录:包括品种,标号,毛色等。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 15.4pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(四)乳鸽饲养管理要点:从出壳到<SPAN lang=EN-US>30d</SPAN>内。规律是:出壳<SPAN lang=EN-US>7d</SPAN>内亲鸽给乳鸽喂的是全浆饲料,由稀到稠。<SPAN lang=EN-US>7d</SPAN>后喂浆粒混合料,并逐渐转为全粒料。<SPAN lang=EN-US>20d</SPAN>左右,鸽重<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>600g</SPAN>即可买。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、饲养注意事项:若乳鸽死亡一只,剩下的一只喂的过饱会引起嗉囊积食,不利于生长,应设法归并,并精心护理,适当减少亲鸽的喂食,给乳鸽喂一些助消化的药物。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>10d</SPAN>,亲鸽开始喂给乳鸽颗粒料,常引起消化不良和嗉囊炎,可粉碎饲料用清水浸透,晾干后再喂给亲鸽。<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>、部分亲鸽在乳鸽长到<SPAN lang=EN-US>15d</SPAN>后又重新产蛋,同时又要喂乳鸽,但有的亲鸽无心喂养,这时要人工灌喂饲料或并养出去喂养。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 17.3pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(五)童鸽和青年鸽饲养要点:被选用种用的乳鸽从开始独立取食到性成熟一般要<SPAN lang=EN-US>30d</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>个月龄。注意事项:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、饲养时注意要保暖通风;<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、把蚕豆玉米破成小粒用清水浸泡、晾干后再喂给;<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>、注意观察、记录,发现问题及时处理;<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>、<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>月龄后适当减少能量饲料,增加蛋白质饲料,防止过胖早熟,并进行一次驱虫及选优去差工作。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 17.3pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(六)蛋鸽饲养管理要点:一般指以配对的产蛋鸽,从<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>月龄开始。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、初配的几天内加强观察,若配对恰当,一般<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>3d</SPAN>即可融洽相处;若<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>5d</SPAN>还经常打架,有时可能两个都是雄鸽或一公一母不愿相配,这时要重新配对;<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、配对好后便开始产蛋应及时放好草窝;<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>、产下<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>只蛋仍不孵化,可在笼外遮上黑布保持安静;<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>、发现出壳后<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>5h</SPAN>不喂乳时,要细心观察。若有病需及时治疗。有的亲鸽不会喂哺,就要进行训练即把乳鸽的嘴放入亲鸽嘴内,重复几次就可教会;<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>、若亲鸽每次都先灌喂同一只乳鸽,结果两只鸽大小悬殊,这时要调换一下位置;<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>、要大胆淘汰。发现体形小,产无精蛋,产蛋次数少的产蛋鸽要及时淘汰保证高产群。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 17.3pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(七)鸽病防治<B>:</B><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、鸽痘:<SPAN lang=EN-US>(1)</SPAN>病因:病毒引起,发病多在<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>月份。<SPAN lang=EN-US>(2)</SPAN>传染途径:蚊虫是主要传染媒介<SPAN lang=EN-US>(3)</SPAN>症状:病变多局限在眼睑,喙周围,肛门,脚等皮肤裸露处。初为白灰结节,后又变为深褐色结痂,<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>个月的肉鸽极易发生。<SPAN lang=EN-US>(4)</SPAN>防治:①作好鸽舍消毒除蚊灭虫工作,当出现第一只鸽患此病时要隔离和对鸽舍进行灭蚊灭蝇工作。②挑剪患处结痂,取<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.2%</SPAN>的高锰酸钾洗涤病变处,然后涂上紫药水或<SPAN lang=EN-US>2%</SPAN>蜂胶酊,每天<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>次,<SPAN lang=EN-US>3d</SPAN>即可治好。③用碘、甘油涂擦患部。④可用些中药,如金银花,板蓝根煎水饮用。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、鸽的新城疫:(<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>)病因:<SPAN lang=EN-US>I</SPAN>型副黏病毒病;(<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>)传染途径:通过污染的饲料,饮水,用具及其接触过病鸽的饲养者衣帽传染;(<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>)症状:潜伏期<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>10d</SPAN>,最初羽毛蓬松,精神萎靡,食欲减退,渴欲增加,呈阵发性痉挛,一翅或双翅下垂,脚爪麻痹,头颈扭曲,头后仰,排黄绿色水样粪便,呼吸困难,有眼结膜炎,鼻有分泌物;(<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>)预防与控制:平时搞好卫生,定期消毒,定期进行疫情监测和免疫接种;(<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>)防治:无特效药,肌肉或皮下注射<SPAN lang=EN-US>I</SPAN>型副黏液病毒疫苗<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.5ml/</SPAN>只,二次加强免疫。<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>、嗉囊积食:(<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>)病因:鸽过度饱食,饲料不能及时送入胃中而停留在嗉囊中。(<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>)症状:食欲不振,精神沉郁,嗉囊中食物结团;(<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>)治疗:用<SPAN lang=EN-US>20%</SPAN>盐水灌服,用手柔嗉囊,使食物软化从口中挤出或开刀缝合数日即可治愈。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 17.35pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>七、提高肉鸽生产力的五个措施<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 1.45pt 0pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 17.3pt; mso-para-margin-right: .14gd; mso-char-indent-count: 1.92; mso-line-height-alt: 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><FONT color=#000000>(一)提高产蛋率:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、饲料:喂给全价饲料是提高产蛋率的关键和基础,尤其是哺育雏鸽期间而又要快产蛋的生产鸽,最好喂给全价颗粒饲料;每只鸽每天补充<SPAN lang=EN-US>VA200</SPAN>国际单位、<SPAN lang=EN-US>VE1mg</SPAN><B>、</B><SPAN lang=EN-US>VB21.<B>2</B>mg</SPAN><B>;</B>饲料里多增加蛋白质含量高的豆类饲料;对产软壳蛋的鸽应给予抗生素的同时加喂<SPAN lang=EN-US>VD</SPAN>和钙质饲料。<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、管理:有条件加喂夜餐;保持舍内干燥;适当延长光照时间;保持冻不冷夏不热环境,对患生殖器官疾病应及时治疗;在照蛋时如果发现有无精蛋者应及时除去,并及时并窝代孵,以促进母鸽早日产蛋,同时少用影响产蛋绿的磺胺类药物。(二)提高受精率:为了提高受精率,保证<SPAN lang=EN-US>VE</SPAN>的喂量,增加火麻仁喂量:公鸽可每只注射丙酸睾丸酮<SPAN lang=EN-US>5mg</SPAN>以提高其性欲,<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>3d</SPAN>后再注一次;对母鸽有输卵管炎的应给予土霉素治疗数天,若无效者淘汰;对长期产无精蛋的产鸽,应重新配对;应加强光照和运动。(三)提高孵化率:只有注重饲料营养全面,才能保证鸽蛋具有胚胎发育的各种营养物质,提高孵化率。主要是保证饲料里含有鸽需要的各种<SPAN lang=EN-US>V</SPAN>、亚油酸、钙、磷以及微量元素的均衡给量。(四)提高雏鸽成活率:提高成活率的办法是:冬季避免雏鸽受凉生病;春夏多雨季节注意保持鸽舍干爽;炎热盛夏注意鸽舍通风散热,避免中暑;防止亲鸽与邻近鸽打斗以抓伤和踏死雏鸽;及时清除巢盘内的粪便防止螨的繁殖,避免引起雏鸽腹泻、脐炎、或脐毛滴虫感染等;<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>~<SPAN lang=EN-US>24</SPAN>日龄是雏鸽生长发育最快阶段<SPAN lang=EN-US>, </SPAN>饲喂时应减少或去掉有壳谷类饲料<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>增加绿豆和去壳小麦<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>并且要整天供应饲料、保健砂及清洁饮水;晚上应亮灯喂水一次,好让亲鸽尽量喂饱雏鸽。(五)做好防病治病工作:<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>、不喂变质饲料;<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>、搞好环境卫生:勤清除粪便;定期消毒;<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>、加强防疫:禁止外人参观,防止外来畜禽、野鸟等进入鸽舍;定期进行疫苗接种。<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>、病鸽及时治疗:每天要细心观察亲鸽、雏鸽精神状态、食欲和粪便,发现异常立即诊断进行治疗,如果发生严重传染病流行时应立即采取紧急措施,加强隔离观察、消毒,强化疫苗接种。对病死鸽应该远处深埋。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
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发表于 2009-3-24 10:14:13 | 显示全部楼层
怎么什么都没有啊
发表于 2010-3-15 19:13:16 | 显示全部楼层
英文的啊   高科技http://blog.sina.com.cn/weijiageye
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