高剂量添加植酸酶对于保育猪生长性能的影响

畜牧编辑

　　2018. J.Anim. Sci. 95(2): 570–578
　　网站链接：https://academic.oup.com/jas/article-abstract/96/2/570/4828152
　　DOI：https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky001
　　高剂量添加植酸酶对于保育猪生长性能的影响
　　Kiah M.Gourley, Jason C. Woodworth, Joel M. DeRouchey, Steve S. Dritz, Mike D. Tokach,and Robert D. Goodband
　　翻译： 蒋辉 校对：上海亘泰实业集团

　　总计360头猪（DNA 200 × 400，初始重5.9 ± 0.1 kg）被用于42天的试验中，测定高剂量可利用的植酸酶（Natuphos E 5,000 G，巴斯夫公司，弗洛勒姆帕克、NJ）对于保育猪的生长和骨骼灰分的影响。

　　在断奶时，仔猪根据体重随机分到栏舍里，8个处理。每个处理9个栏舍，每个栏有5头猪。日粮分三个时期（0－7天、7－21天、21－42天），对应的配方钙磷比例分别为：1.07、1.05、0.93。处理组包含一个负对照，对应的3个饲喂阶段的日粮分别含有0.4，0.3，0.25%的磷来自磷酸二氢钙。还有5个处理组是在负对照基础上添加500，1000，2000，3000或者4000FTU/kg植酸酶。另外两个处理组是正对照组，三个饲喂时间段含有0.55、0.45、0.4%的磷来自磷酸二氢钙，以及正对照添加2000TTU/kg植酸酶。正，负对照组配方都做了可消化钙、磷的平衡，正对照组含有500FTU/kg植酸酶，而负对照组没有添加植酸酶。在试验的第42天，从每栏拿出一头猪进行安乐死，并且取它的右侧肋骨进行灰分检测。

　　从试验0－42天，在负对照组猪饲喂增加植酸酶含量的日粮，日增重（P=0.064），结束体重（P＝0.082）和料肉比（P＝0.008）都有改善。在加入2000FTU/kg植酸酶的正对照组，在日增重和日均采食量方面没有影响，但是相对于负对照组，料肉比有改善（P=0.060）。此外，随着在负对照组植酸酶的增加，骨骼灰分的百分比也会线性增加（p＜0.001），或者在正对照组中添加2000FTU/kg的植酸酶（p＜0.001）。正对照组仔猪改善了日均采食量(P = 0.007)，并且相对于负对照组+500FTU/kg仔猪骨骼灰分百分比增加，但是负对照组+500FTU/kg仔猪相对于正对照组料肉比是改善的(P = 0.032)。总之，在低磷日粮中增加植酸酶可以改善生长性能和骨骼灰分的含量，添加量为1000FTU/kg时效果最佳。当在磷充足的日粮中添加2000FTU/kg植酸酶时，改善的程度有一些差异。

　　关键词：骨骼灰分，钙，生长，保育猪，磷，植酸酶

      

Effect of high doses of Natuphos E 5,000 G phytase on growth performance of nursery pigs

Kiah M Gourley, Jason C Woodworth, Joel M DeRouchey, Steve S Dritz, Mike D Tokach, Robert D Goodband

A total of 360 pigs (DNA 200 × 400, initially 5.9 ± 0.1 kg) were used in a 42 d trial to determine the effect of high doses of a recently available phytase source (Natuphos E 5000 G, BASF Corporation, Florham Park, NJ) on nursery pig growth and bone ash. Pigs were randomly allotted to pens at weaning by BW and penswere allotted to one of eight corn-soybean meal-based dietary treatments in arandomized complete block design. There were five pigs per pen and nine pens per treatment. Diets were fed in three phases (d 0 to 7, 7 to 21, and 21 to 42) with formulated total calcium:phosphorus (Ca:P) of 1.07, 1.05, and 0.93, respectively. Treatments included a negative control (NC) with 0.40, 0.30, or 0.25% aP from monocalcium P for Phases 1, 2, and 3 respectively; and NC with either 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, or 4,000 FTU/kg phytase. The last two treatments were a positive control (PC) with 0.55, 0.45, or 0.40% aP from monocalcium P for Phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively, or PC with 2,000 FTU/kg phytase. The NC diet with 500 FTU/kg and PC without added phytase were formulated to be equivalent in available Ca and P. On d 42, one pig per pen was euthanized and the right fibula was removed for bone ash analysis. From d 0 to42, pigs fed increasing phytase in the NC tended to have increased (quadratic,P = 0.064) ADG and (linear, P = 0.082) ending BW and had improved (quadratic, P= 0.008) G:F. Adding 2,000 FTU/kg phytase to the PC did not influence ADG or ADFI, but tended to improve (P = 0.060) G:F compared with the PC. In addition, percentage bone ash increased as phytase increased in the NC (linear, P <0.001) or when 2,000 FTU/kg was added to the PC diets (P < 0.001). Pigs fed the PC had increased (P = 0.007) ADFI and tended to have greater (P = 0.099) percentage bone ash than pigs fed NC+500 FTU/kg phytase, but the pigs fed NC+500 FTU/kg phytase had improved (P = 0.032) G:F compared to pigs fed the PC. In summary, increasing concentrations of dietary phytase in a P-deficient diet improved growth and bone ash measurements, and was optimized at 1,000 FTU/kg. There were varied improvements when 2,000 FTU/kg phytase was added in P adequate diets.