2009年动物科学上一篇母猪营养摘要的译文，请指教

ananben

J. Anim Sci. 2009. 87:532-543. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1231
© 2009 American Society of Animal Sciencea

Dietary fiber for pregnant sows: Influence oan sow physiology and performance during lactation1

H. Quesnel*,2, M.-C. Meunier-Salaün*, A. Hamard*, R. Guillemet*, M. Etienne*, C. Farmer , J.-Y. Dourmad* and M.-C. Père*
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding sows a bulky diet during gestation on their physiological and metabolic adaptations during the peripartum period, and to determine how these effects may relate to sow and piglet performances. From d 26 of gestation until farrowing, gilts were fed diets that contained 2.8 or 11.0% crude fiber (control and high-fiber diets, respectively, n = 9/group). Daily feed allowance provided the same amount of DE daily (33 MJ of DE/d). Throughout lactation, sows were allowed to consume a standard lactating sow diet ad libitum. Litters were standardized to 12 piglets beyond 48 h after birth. On d 105 of gestation, a jugular catheter was surgically implanted. Preprandial blood samples were collected from d 109 of gestation to the day after farrowing and on d 4, 18, and 26 of lactation. Meal tests and glucose tolerance tests were performed on d 109 of gestation and d 4 and 18 of lactation. During gestation, BW and backfat gain did not differ between treatment groups. During lactation, sows fed the high-fiber diet ate an average of 0.94 kg/d more than control sows (P < 0.02). Piglets born from sows fed the high-fiber diet grew faster than piglets from control sows (P = 0.03). Body weight and backfat losses did not differ between the 2 treatment groups. Sows fed the high-fiber diet during gestation had lesser concentrations of leptin before farrowing than control sows (P < 0.01). Leptin concentrations were negatively correlated with feed intake during lactation (P < 0.05). The prepartal increase in prolactin concentrations tended to be greater in sows fed the high-fiber diet than in control sows (P < 0.1).Preprandial concentrations of glucose, NEFA, lactate, and IGF-I fluctuated over time without significant treatment effect. Glucose half-life was shorter in late gestation than during both stages of lactation, but did not differ between sows in the 2 groups. In late gestation, the postprandial increases in glucose and insulin were delayed, and smaller, after a high-fiber meal than after a control meal.During lactation, glucose and insulin profiles after a standard meal did not differ between sows from treatment groups. In conclusion, the greater appetite of lactating sows fed a high-fiber diet during gestation does not seem related to changes in glucose and insulin metabolism and may be partly due to decreased secretion of leptin. The greater feed consumption was accompanied by a faster growth rate of piglets without sparing effect on maternal body reserves.

Key Words: endocrinology &#8226; fiber &#8226; gestation &#8226; lactation &#8226; metabolism &#8226; sow

妊娠期日粮中粗纤维水平对哺乳期生理指标

和生产性能的影响

本文研究了妊娠期饲喂大容积日粮对围产期生理指标和新陈代谢适应的影响，并指出这些影响可能与母猪和仔猪生产性能有关。小母猪随机分为2组，每组9头，从妊娠第26天到分娩，分别饲喂对照组（2.8%纤维）和高纤维组日粮（11.0%纤维），两组日粮均提供相同的消化能，33MJ/d；整个哺乳期，自由采食标准哺乳日粮。于产后48小时，将每窝调整至12头仔猪。妊娠的第105天，进行颈静脉导管植入手术。妊娠第109天到分娩后的第二天，泌乳第4、18和26天，于饲喂前采集血样。在妊娠第109天，泌乳第4、18天进行采食量测试和葡萄糖耐受试验。
整个妊娠期，两组间体重和背膘厚均无显著差异。泌乳期，饲喂高纤维日粮组的采食量比对照组高0.94kg/d(P < 0.02)，高纤维组母猪所产仔猪比对照组所产仔猪生长速度快(P = 0.03)，两组间体重和背膘厚无显著差异。产前来普汀浓度，妊娠期饲喂高纤维组母猪高于对照组(P < 0.01)。整个哺乳期，来普汀浓度和采食量呈负相关(P < 0.05)。分娩前催乳素浓度的增加幅度，饲喂高纤维组高于对照组(P < 0.1)。两组间饲喂前血糖、非必需脂肪酸、乳汁、IGF-1的浓度，随时间推移波动无显著差异。血糖半衰期，妊娠后期比泌乳初期、中期两个阶段都短，但，在泌乳期两个阶段无差异。妊娠后期，采食后血糖和胰岛素浓度的增加较慢，而且，饲喂高纤维日粮比对照组日粮稍短。哺乳期，采食后血糖和胰岛素水平标准日粮与各处理组之间差异不显著。
结论：妊娠期饲喂高纤维水平日粮的母猪，在哺乳期采食量大。这与血糖和胰岛素的代谢变化无关，部分原因与来普汀分泌减少相关。更大的采食量与仔猪更快的增长速度很明显会影响母体体况储备。
关键词：内分泌，粗纤维，妊娠，哺乳，新陈代谢，母猪

zouyufar

妊娠期和哺乳期对能量的需求是有差别的

zouyufar 于 2009-7-15 19:03 补充以下内容

妊娠期和哺乳期对能量的需求是有差别的，饲养管理技术也不同，要求也不一样

hujinshui

有较强相关