猪的腹泻

lorryking

腹泻应该有下面几种:管理上引起的，营养性的，细菌性的，病毒性的，球虫性的。防止仔猪腹泻，关键在于养好母猪。母猪感染疾病少了，仔猪就会更健康。仔猪在免疫抗腹泻方面也才有抵抗力，最好的营养是母奶，最好的药物也是母奶。

liukai721026

还是从饲养管理上下点工夫吧。

万马奔腾

拉希的原因很多。

jt饲料

靠营养调节拉稀也是不错的！

新乡大北农

高蛋白，高霉菌都会导致腹泻

wyd0313

我也为小猪拉稀而头痛，为什么用我的料就拉稀，而喂别人的料就像吃药一样，立马不拉，这到底是怎么回事？

kaisal

猪腹泻疾病常见病因
病毒
传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGE）
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PED）
轮状病毒
寄生虫
球虫
蠕虫

细菌
大肠杆菌
沙门氏菌
猪痢疾密螺旋体
魏氏梭菌C型
霉菌
营养和管理

kaisal

仔猪腹泻是一种复杂的疾病群，是集约化养猪生产条件下的一种典型的多因素性疾病。营养和免疫也有一定影响，但不是全部！！
营养性下痢如消化不良（仔猪蛋白过高20%～22%）、抗消化因子（豆粕没有熟化、生黄豆等，有抗胰蛋白酶和植物白凝素），产后缺乳、过饱、过饥、贫血（缺铁、缺硒）、粗纤维过多，胃酸不足、胃酶低下，“病从口入”。
病毒性下痢如轮状病毒、冠状病毒、猪瘟病毒、呼肠孤病毒、腺病毒、杯状病毒、星状病毒、圆环病毒等十几种。其中以传染性胃肠炎（TGEV）、流行性腹泻（PEDV）和轮状病毒（RV）三种危害最为严重。
细菌性下痢如大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、魏氏梭菌、金色葡萄球菌、密螺旋体（猪痢疾）。
寄生虫性下痢有等胞球虫、结肠小袋纤毛虫、鞭虫、蛔虫、姜片虫、巨吻棘头虫等。
霉菌性下痢主要是黄曲霉、棕曲霉、桔青霉、镰刀霉和T2毒素。
其他如饲料过硬，有泥沙、冰块、腐败、变质、酸度大，气温时冷时热，贼风侵袭，受寒感冒，环境潮湿，管理粗放，饮用污水，母猪有乳房炎、吮乳不洁均可造成下痢。

kaisal

Copy 一篇最新的英文资料请参考。
Practitioner’s approach to neonatal diarrhea
William L. Hollis, DVM
Carthage Veterinary Service, Ltd.
2009 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference
Introduction
When challenged with an outbreak of diarrhea in the farrowing house, your best approach as a veterinary practitioner is to collect multiple samples and initiate therapy at the same time. When on-farm to investigate an outbreak of scours my approach includes diagnostics, the initiation of treatment, and a review of on-farm prevention programs. It is very common that I will break these three apart and review them over the course of the coming 710 days, but most critical is the need to initiate therapy to prevent losses and further evaluate the risks of the worst case scenarios.
Diagnostics
Diagnostics begin with evaluation of the age of piglets at the onset of diarrhea. Early bacterial infections of E. coli and Clostridium create watery diarrhea within the first few days of life. Reports have noted scouring piglets within that first 24 hours when piglets are not receiving appropriate colostrum and sanitation levels have suffered. The age of the piglet is critical because two other common causes of diarrhea in the piglet require additional time to create the disease symptoms.
Namely coccidia and rotavirus are common in many production systems today, but rotavirus takes at least five days to initiate destruction of the villi and create diarrhea and coccidia even further with a 5-9 day infectious period in the cells, but a 7-10 day presence of scours.
Once new information is collected about the age of piglets,
then the appearance of the scouring material itself is important. Watery diarrhea the first two or three days will cause the entire litter to be covered with the watery material. These piglets may look the same if rotavirus is present, but rotavirus will initiate later and can at some point create vomiting in piglets as the virus moves quickly and the destruction of intestinal tissue creates nausea and malaise throughout the body system.
Most important to the long-term picture is complete diagnostic
work-up with the collection of fresh fecal samples from piglets that have just begun to scour as well as tissue samples of multiple segments of small and large intestines. It is critical to collect fecal’s from piglets that are early in the infection as both coccidia and rotavirus can be quite clearing of the infectious organism after the scours have been present for a couple of days. Early infectious piglets within the first day of diarrhea and piglets that have not yet been treated with antibiotics are going to be your best candidate for your selection for diagnostic sampling. Many farm staff can even collect this material quickly, but it is important that the rapid transit on ice be achieved as Clostridium A and Clostridium difficile may be competitively
overgrown by other non-specific Clostridium. Your ability to identify the appropriate diagnostic sample is challenging at best.
Treatments
Immediate treatments include antibiotic standard operating
procedures as I have outlined with a Sample Baby Pig Treatment Chart (See Table 1). These treatments at least initiate therapy to reduce losses, but in the event of chronic diarrhea’s that do not resolve or lead to more severe outbreaks of multiple litters, a combination of both a treatment program as well as prevention is critical.
Antibiotic treatments are commonly initiated with an aminoglycoside such as Gentamicin as an injectable in the case of E. coli or Spectinomycin oral in the case of Clostridium’s. In my hands, many of these antibiotic treatments
are secondary to a good solid prevention program and may be a crutch in those cases where we have been ineffective in establishing appropriate colostrum uptake and immune prevention of disease. Nonetheless, these treatments are common in most farrowing houses and need to be on the shelf and initiated in the event we have litters that are wet and scouring. The faster we get on these treatments and quickly initiate follow-up for these litters, the less likely they will spread.

kaisal

I reviewed this proceedings paper with two of my colleagues at Carthage Veterinary Service, Ltd. Dr. Lowe has an exciting
and challenging perspective on baby pig treatments. The injectable therapies may actually make Clostridium diarrhea worse in those herds that are chronic Clostridium A herds. He has gone so far as to rely more heavily on drying
powders and elevated room temperatures. In fact, evenstopping washing and sanitizing farrowing crates for two full turns of the farrowing house in order to spend time and energy focusing on Day 1 care and colostrum uptake of piglets. Drying powders are used to keep the piglets from chilling, keep the farrowing crates dry, and then individual injections are only given when whole litters are continuing to scour.
Dr. Groth had a similar experience with Clostridium A whereby if it is straight Clostridium A with no other rotavirus or E. coli he will stop all individual treatments, and focus on whole litter swaps followed by the initiation of feedback. When the decision is made to feedback, it is also important to remember this must be done prior to two weeks pre-farrow to initiate immune prevention and not create a more severe diarrhea problem.
Three veterinarians can agree on the fact that the management
procedures are most critical in long-term prevention of neonatal diarrhea. We agree that whole litter swaps are effective and that individual movement of piglets or a great deal of piglet handling and transmission of scouring litters can lead to outbreaks that are management driven.
Increasing room temperature in order to dry the rooms and focusing your farm staffs attention on Day 1 care with split-suckle boxes and colostrum management is the most critical.
Prevention
Long-term prevention includes both the focus on gilt development for these females into your breeding herd with appropriate feedback of fecal material from scouring piglets as well as vaccination programs during the gestation
period. Two vaccinations with an E. coli product and Clostridium if present in your herd will be critical long-term. Several clients have enjoyed success with rotavirus vaccination as part of the gilt development program. However, scientists remind us that the best rotavirus protection is only achieved through oral exposure to the rotavirus organism. This can be accomplished with the live oral vaccination or through the collection of feedback material and timely exposure to both gilts and sows in the event of rotavirus activity in farrowing.
Sanitation is also critical where we are allowing exposure through no washing, but using drying powder to occur in chronic cases, or going to the opposite and allowing farm staff the time necessary to completely sanitize the farrowing
house and follow-up with drying time for individual farrowing crates. This is quite costly in the wintertime when we are trying to dry an empty farrowing room, but also critical in the summer when we are challenged with coccidia and know that humidity and challenging environments
are going to lead to an explosion of this organism within many of our systems.
In final summary, a thorough review of the sanitation and disinfection, an implementation of immunity evaluation of vaccination protocols, as well as the need for intervention
with treatments and management in the farrowing house will lead to a long-term sustainable environment for the piglets and improved piglet survivability in the farrowing house.