第200期：高产哺乳母猪日粮中添加合成氨基酸下的最佳粗蛋白水平

29625248

2019. J. Anim. Sci. 97(8):3399–3414

DOI：https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz200

高产哺乳母猪日粮中添加合成氨基酸下的最佳粗蛋白水平

Camilla K Hojgaard, Thomas S Bruun, Peter K Theil

本试验目的在于研究高产哺乳母猪日粮中缺乏组氨酸、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸或苯丙氨酸时，最大化窝增重的SID粗蛋白需要量。

日粮赖氨酸水平为需要量的95%，而蛋氨酸、蛋氨酸+胱氨酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸水平通过添加合成氨基酸使其水平达到/略微超过需要量。试验使用总计540头母猪（L×Y, DanBred, Herlev, Denmark），胎次1-5胎，试验期从分娩后第3天至26天断奶。将母猪随机分为6个日粮处理，日粮SID粗蛋白分别为96、110、119、128、137、152 g/kg。在分娩后第3±2天将每窝仔猪调整至14头。在分娩后第3±2天、第26天±3天测量并记录母猪体重、背膘厚和窝重。从中挑选72头母猪（胎次为2-4胎），在第10、17±3天对仔猪称重，第3±2天、10、17、24±3天收集乳汁和血液样品。通过重水稀释法在第3±2天、26±3天测量这72头母猪的体蛋白和体脂池。所有数据通过ANOVA、线性和二次线性多重比较。通过SAS的NLMIXED程序的线性回归模型和折线模型分析存在二次线性关系的变量、猪乳日期和处理之间的互作。

窝日增重在125g SID粗蛋白/kg达到转折点。经产母猪比初产母猪窝增重显著提高（在达到转折点后分为为3.33 VS. 3.02 kg/d；P＜0.001），但是处理对断奶窝重没有显著影响（P=0.62）。母猪体重损失在102g SID粗蛋白/kg时最小。随着日粮SID粗蛋白的逐渐提高，猪乳中蛋白和酪蛋白含量线性增加（P＜0.001）。乳中尿素含量在111-118g SID粗蛋白/kg时最低（P＜0.05），乳脂含量在116g SID粗蛋白/kg时最高（P＜0.05）。

总之，维持最大窝增重的SID粗蛋白需要量为125g/kg。

Optimal crude protein in diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids fed to high-yielding lactating sows

Camilla K Hojgaard, Thomas S Bruun, Peter K Theil

The objective of the current study was to determine the requirement of standardized ileal digestible (SID) CP for maximal litter gain in high-yielding lactating sows due to insufficient supply of either His, Leu, Val, Ile, or Phe. The content of SID Lys was formulated at 95% of the recommended level, while that of Met, Met+Cys, Thr, and Trp was formulated at 100% of the recommended level or slightly greater using crystalline AA. A total of 540 parity 1 to 5 sows (L×Y, DanBred, Herlev, Denmark) were included in the study from day 3 after farrowing until weaning at day 26. Sows were allocated to six dietary treatments increasing in SID CP content (96, 110, 119, 128, 137, and 152 g/kg). Litters were standardized to 14 piglets at day 3± 2 after farrowing. At day 3 ± 2 after farrowing and at day 26 ± 3, sow BW and back fat, and litter weight were recorded. On a subsample of 72 sows (parity 2 to 4), litters were also weighed at days 10 and 17 ± 3, and milk and blood weresampled at day 3 ± 2 d, and 10, 17 and at 24 ± 3 d in lactation. Sow body poolsof protein and fat were determined on the 72 sows at days 3 ± 2 and 26 ± 3 dusing the D2O dilution technique. All data were subjected to ANOVA, and to linear and quadratic polynomial contrasts. Variables with quadratic effects or days in milk × treatment interactions were analyzed using linear regression or one-slope linear broken line using the NLMIXED procedure of SAS. Average daily litter gain reached a breakpoint at 125 g SID CP/kg (as-fed). Multiparous sows had a greater litter gain than primiparous sows (3.33 vs. 3.02 kg/d above the breakpoint; P < 0.001) but litter size (13.1 ± 0.1) at weaning were unaffected by dietary treatment (P = 0.62). Sow BW loss was minimized at 102 g SID CP/kg. Concentrations of protein and casein in milk increased linearly with increasing SID CP (P < 0.001). Milk urea reached a minimum at 111–118 g SID CP/kg (P < 0.05) and milk fat a maximum at 116 g SID CP/kg (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 125 g SID CP/kg feed was required to maximize litter gain.

翻译：上海亘泰    转自：猪营养国际论坛